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A propensity-matched cohort study found that patients taking GLP-1 receptor agonists had significantly higher rates of surgical wound complications (infection, breakdown, or dehiscence) within 30 days after panniculectomy, abdominoplasty, or breast reduction. The authors conclude that preoperative counseling and possibly a strategic perioperative management plan are needed.
The study used the TriNetX national health research database to identify patients undergoing panniculectomy, abdominoplasty, or breast reduction, excluding those with diabetes, peripheral vascular disease, nutritional, metabolic, or endocrine diseases, a history of cancer, or smoking. Propensity matching was performed to balance cohorts by GLP-1 agonist use.
Results showed that after matching, surgical wound complication rates were significantly higher in GLP-1 users compared with non-users: 4.7% vs 2.7% for panniculectomy (P=0.05), 9.8% vs 3.6% for abdominoplasty (P=0.001), and 2.6% vs 1.3% for breast reduction (P=0.035). These differences were also significant before matching.
The authors note that although the incidence of complications is low, GLP-1 agonist use is associated with a higher risk of wound healing problems across all evaluated procedures. This underscores the need to counsel patients about the potential implications of these medications before surgery and to consider a tailored perioperative management plan to enhance surgical outcomes.
If you are considering plastic surgery and take a GLP-1 agonist for diabetes or weight loss, ask your surgeon how this medication might affect wound healing and whether it needs to be stopped or your perioperative plan adjusted. Also ask about complication rates in their practice and what measures will be taken to minimize risk.
This content summarizes scientific publications and professional-society guidelines; it does not replace your surgeon's or anesthesiologist's evaluation. Every item links its original source.